Friday, December 16, 2011

Kairos, Chronos, & The Eternal Now


The modern myth in family relationships is that quality time is more important than quantity time.  Parents who don’t spend an adequate amount of time with their children often think they can make up for it by taking their kids to amusement parks and sporting events.  While quality time is important, the reality is that quality time is what happens when you spend a quantity of time together.  No amount of quality time can replace the day-to-day conversations that take place over the dinner table, while taking walks, or helping the kids with their homework.  When you do those mundane things, suddenly an unplanned quality moment has passed, without you having to contrive it.
The same can be said about developing your relationship with God.  No one can expect to pray once a month and have a great connection to God.  Quality experiences of God through prayer only happen when you regularly engage in a quantity of time you spend in the Lord’s presence.  You may go through seasons where your prayer is mundane and routine.  Your quiet time with Jesus isn’t always ecstatic.  But without regular prayer times, there won’t be the irregular and extraordinary conversations with God that change who you are at the core of your being.  Every now and then God will grace you with a word of encouragement, an illumination of scripture, a fresh insight into one of life’s problems.  But you can’t make it happen.  These times only come when you allow God to move, by availing yourself of regular time spent with Him.
In A Cry for Mercy, Henri J.M. Nouwen says:

I call to you, O Lord, from my quiet darkness.  Show me your mercy and love.  Let me see your face, hear your voice, touch the hem of your cloak.  I want to love you, be with you, speak to you and simply stand in your presence.  But I cannot make it happen.  Pressing my eyes against my hands is not praying, and reading about your presence is not living it.
                But there is that moment in which you will come to me, as you did to your fearful disciples, and say, “Do not be afraid, it is I.”  Let that moment come soon, O Lord.  And if you want to delay it, then make me patient.  Amen.

When you engage in a daily quiet time with Jesus, you have to remember that time works differently for God than it does for you.  You experience one moment at a time, while God stands outside of time’s constraints.  You may have heard about the poor man who asked the Lord, “God, what is a million years to you?”  God answered, “My son, a million years to you is but a second to me.”  Then the man asked, “God, what is a million dollars to you?”  God responded, “My son, a million dollars to you is only a penny to me.”  The man said, “So God, can I have a million dollars?"  And God s aid, "In a second."  So time works differently for God than it does for us—both in terms of duration and quality.
2 Peter 3:8 says, “But do not forget this one thing, dear friends: With the Lord a day is like a thousand years, and a thousand years are like a day.”  C.S. Lewis says, “If you picture Time as a straight line along which we have to travel, then you must picture God as the whole page on which the line is drawn.”[i]  So while you live in the present and have the ability to remember the past and anticipate the future, God stands back and sees all three aspects of time at once.  God saw the beginning, middle, and end of your life before the world began.  Ephesians 1:4 says, “For he chose us in him before the creation of the world to be holy and blameless in his sight.”  1 Peter 1:20 says, “He was chosen before the creation of the world, but was revealed in these last times for your sake.”  Before the world began, God the Father knew you, and He knew His Son Jesus.  He planned for the two of you to have a living encounter—and you can have that encounter today—in this moment of time.
The New Testament uses two different words to describe the one word that we have in English: “Time.”Chronos is the Greek word that means chronological time—the kind that can be measured on a chronometer (clock).  Chronos is measured in seconds, minutes, and hours.  Chronos has to do with the earth’s rotation and its revolution around the sun.  Recently, I visited a dear young woman who is an inmate at a local jail.  Her time is almost up, and she told me that she’s counting the days.  “Twenty more days and I go home,” she said, delight and anticipation written across her face.  “I can’t wait.  Time seems to go so slowly now that my days here are short.”  She’s measuring Chronos time, and can’t wait until it passes.
            Time is a strange thing.  Sometimes it seems fast and sometimes it seems to pass so slowly.  Kairos is the Greek word that means special time or sacred time—like when you can look at your sweetheart of fifty years and say, “It seems like only yesterday since the day we got married.”  Or like when you’re having your quiet time with the Lord and suddenly you look at your watch and a couple of hours has gone by without you noticing it, because the time has been so sweet.  That was Kairos time.  The Greek word literally means “in the fullness of time,” or “the right or opportune moment.” 
The trick is learning how to turn Chronos into Kairos.  God stands outside of time, creating sacred moments as we need them.  How can we make all of our days sacred days?  By realizing that we dwell in the fullness of time.  All of history has worked together to produce this moment and no other moment.  This minute, this second in which you live, is the product of God’s plan down through the ages.  And you have the opportunity to live in it.  Realizing your place within God’s divine plan, and grasping the sacred now brings the past, present, and future into this moment that you get to spend with God.  Then, you can truly say with the psalmist, “Lord, you have been our dwelling place throughout all generations.  Before the mountains were born or you brought forth the earth and the world, from everlasting to everlasting you are God…For a thousand years in your sight are like a day that has just gone by, or like a watch in the night.”[ii]  You convert Chronos into Kairos every time you grasp the eternal now. 
In The Eternal Now, theologian Paul Tillich says,

Praying means elevating oneself to the eternal. In fact, there is no other way of judging time than to see it in the light of the eternal. In order to judge something, one must be partly within it, partly out of it. If we were totally within time, we would not be able to elevate ourselves in prayer, meditation and thought, to the eternal. We would be children of time like all other creatures and could not ask the question of the meaning of time. But as men we are aware of the eternal to which we belong and from which we are estranged by the bondage of time…
The mystery of the future and the mystery of the past are united in the mystery of the present. Our time, the time we have, is the time in which we have "presence." But how can we have "presence"? Is not the present moment gone when we think of it? Is not the present the ever-moving boundary line between past and future? But a moving boundary is not a place to stand upon. If nothing were given to us except the "no more" of the past and the "not yet" of the future, we would not have anything. We could not speak of the time that is our time; we would not have "presence."
The mystery is that we have a present; and even more, that we have our future also because we anticipate it in ‘the present; and that we have our past also, because we remember it in the present. In the present our future and our past are ours. But there is no "present" if we think of the never-ending flux of time. The riddle of the present is the deepest of all the riddles of time. Again, there is no answer except from that which comprises all time and lies beyond it -- the eternal. Whenever we say "now" or "today," we stop the flux of time for us. We accept the present and do not care that it is gone in the moment that we accept it. We live in it and it is renewed for us in every new present." This is possible because every moment of time reaches into the eternal. It is the eternal that stops the flux of time for us. It is the eternal "now" which provides for us a temporal "now." We live so long as "it is still today" -- in the words of the letter to the Hebrews. Not everybody, and nobody all the time, is aware of this "eternal now" in the temporal "now." But sometimes it breaks powerfully into our consciousness and gives us the certainty of the eternal, of a dimension of time which cuts into time and gives us our time.
People who are never aware of this dimension lose the possibility of resting in the present. As the letter to the Hebrews describes it, they never enter into the divine rest. They are held by the past and cannot separate themselves from it, or they escape towards the future, unable to rest in the present. They have not entered the eternal rest which stops the flux of time and gives us the blessing of the present. Perhaps this is the most conspicuous characteristic of our period, especially in the western world and particularly in this country. It lacks the courage to accept "presence" because it has lost the dimension of the eternal.
"I am the beginning and the end." This is said to us who live in the bondage of time, who have to face the end, who cannot escape the past, who need a present to stand upon. Each of the modes of time has its peculiar mystery, each of them carries its peculiar anxiety. Each of them drives us to an ultimate question. There is one answer to these questions -- the eternal. There is one power that surpasses the all-consuming power of time -- the eternal: He Who was and is and is to come, the beginning and the end. He gives us forgiveness for what has passed. He gives us courage for what is to come. He gives us rest in His eternal Presence.[iii]

            Psalm 90:12 says, “So teach us to number our days, that we may gain a heart of wisdom.”  My dear incarcerated friend has certainly learned to number her days, and that has given her a heart of wisdom.  By recalling her past experiences in the light of the present, she knows how all the events of her history have led up to her present imprisonment.  By experiencing the future in the present, she realizes how precious her days are, and how important each decision is.  She doesn’t take time for granted.  She lives in the eternal present.  She gives God her presence. 
When we take time for granted, we don’t carve out sacred moments, but live as natural creatures rather than the supernatural beings that God created His children to be.  When you realize your limited time on the earth, then suddenly each day becomes special.  You’ll schedule some Chronos and convert it into Kairos every time you get an opportunity, and you’ll begin to live for God rather than for yourself.  Rather than letting Brother Lawrence’s Practice of the Presence of God become an excuse for not having a true quiet time with Jesus, you’ll take the old monk’s advice as he intended it.  You’ll become anxious to do as Mary did—to sit at Jesus’ feet right now in the present.  You’ll want to give your presence to Him who is the Alpha and Omega, the Beginning and the End, the One who invites you into the eternal now.




[i] C.S. Lewis, Mere Christianity, pg. 147
[ii] Psalm 90:1-2, 4
[iii] Tillich, Paul.  The Eternal Now.  Charles Scribner’s Sons: New York. 1963.  Chapter 11 – “The Eternal Now.”

Practicing the Presence, Or, Procrastinating Prayer?


Practicing the Presence,
Or
Procrastinating Prayer?

            When I invited my church family to covenant with me to pray for an hour a day, I was pleasantly surprised at how many accepted the challenge.  I’m sure that many were already praying for longer periods of time than I was.  I also know that many felt that this was a miserably long amount of time to spend rattling off a prayer list.  Frankly, I agreed with them, and encouraged them instead to spend that hour seeking God rather than seeking God’s blessings.    Still others came to me with what seemed like a pious objection to the idea of spending a quiet hour with Jesus:
            “I spend all day with Jesus,” they said.  “When I’m driving down the road, I’m thanking Him for the beautiful day.  When somebody at work tells me about some trouble they’re having, I take a second and ask God to bless them.  When my kids have me at wit’s end, I ask God for help.  Why do I need to spend a certain time alone in a chair, praying, when I can spend all day with the Lord?”
            It sounds good, on the surface.  I mean, who could argue with something like that?  Yes—we should spend all day with Jesus, in just the ways that have been stated above.  We should practice the day-in, day-out presence of God in our lives.  In fact, The Practice of the Presence of God is a wonderful work by Brother Lawrence, a must-read for anyone who wants to learn prayer.  In a nutshell, Brother Lawrence was a 17th century Carmelite monk who hated his job working in the monastery’s kitchen.  It seemed an unspiritual drudgery to him, until one day he had a revelation:  Every dish and floor he scrubbed, he scrubbed for Jesus.  From that moment, he began to practice the presence of God everywhere he went.  He spent his days cooking with Jesus.  He passed his hours cleaning with the Master who cleansed his soul.  When he made his relationship with Jesus the main thing in his life, suddenly everything else took on new meaning.  Brother Lawrence writes, “We ought not to be weary of doing little things for the love of God, who regards not the greatness of the work, but the love with which it is performed."  He also says:

"We should fix ourselves firmly in the presence of God by conversing all the time with Him...we should feed our soul with a lofty conception of God and from that derive great joy in being his. We should put life in our faith. We should give ourselves utterly to God in pure abandonment, in temporal and spiritual matters alike, and find contentment in the doing of His will,whether he takes us through sufferings or consolations.”

What a beautiful thing, to practice the presence of Almighty God!  If this is what my parishioners meant when they said they spent all day with Jesus, then I applaud them.  I wish every Christian would spend all day with Jesus in this way.  The problem comes not from practicing the presence of God, but when this form of prayer is the only form of prayer.
An exasperated husband once sat with me in my church office, talking through his marital problems.  “I don’t know what she wants,” he said.  “She says she wants more time with me, but I think I spend plenty of time with her.”
“What to do you spend time doing?” I asked.
“We do everything together,” he said.  “We go shopping together.  We work in the garden together.  We watch movies together.  We eat dinner together every night.  We talk together.”
“But have you ever tried listening together?” I asked.
Now that was something he’d never tried.  He’d spent so much time just doing the mundane things of life—and those were good things.  But while he passed the time with her, he’d busied himself with his own talking.  So much so that he never took the time to listen.
The same can be true when we practice the presence of God.  Brother Lawrence’s epiphany was just what he needed at the time—a fresh experience of the mundane world.  He needed Christ’s presence to sanctify everything in his life.  The practice of the presence of God called him to “pray without ceasing (1 Thessalonians 5:17 NASB).”  Perhaps Lawrence’s spiritual awakening is just what you need—or maybe it has become an excuse for you to neglect a real quiet time with Jesus. 
Don’t get me wrong—I’m not saying you should compartmentalize your relationship with the Lord into one hour on your knees.  Lawrence was on to something, and so was Paul when he wrote to the Thessalonians.  But asking God to bless your efforts throughout the day is not enough.  There must be lengthy times of intimacy between the believer and the Lord. 
A husband and wife need to do more than run errands together.  They must gaze into one another’s eyes and speak sweet words of love.  They must truly be together—on a core level.  They must frequently share an embrace, a kiss, and make love with each other as God intended.  They must truly communicate with each other, and this involves both speaking and listening.  This is how marriages grow.  This is also how our relationship with God grows—when we take time to just be with Jesus.  Don’t just mutter a prayer to him throughout the day.  Share quiet time with Jesus.  Let Him hold you in His love.  Speak quiet words of worship and let Him respond with adoration. 
Practicing the presence of God can be an amazing way to spend your day—as long as it doesn’t become a way to procrastinate your prayer time.  Brother Lawrence would be horrified to find that his spiritual realization has given countless people an excuse to not have a daily time of prayer.   In The Living Reminder, Henri J.M. Nouwen says that believers should…

walk in [God’s] presence as Abraham did.  To walk in the presence of the Lord means to move forward in life in such a way that all our desires, thoughts, and actions are constantly guided by him.  When we walk in the Lord’s presence everything we see, hear, touch, or taste reminds us of him.  This is what is meant by a prayerful life.  It is not a life in which we say many prayers, but a life in which nothing, absolutely nothing, is done, said, or understood independently of him who is the origin and purpose of our existence.

            Walking in God’s presence also means sitting in God’s presence.  Praying without ceasing does not preclude your daily quiet time with Jesus.  As spouses must spend exclusive time together addition to all the errands, so the Christian must devote exclusive time to Jesus in addition to “ceaseless prayer” throughout the day.  The believer’s cry of relationship with the Lord should echo the words of Michael W. Smith’s song, “Draw Me Close.”
Draw me close to you
Never let me go
I lay it all down again
To hear you say that I'm your friend
You are my desire
No one else will do
Cause nothing else can take your place
To feel the warmth of your embrace
Help me find the way
Bring me back to you
You're all I want
You're all I've ever needed
You're all I want
Help me know you are near
           


Thursday, December 15, 2011

Hymn to the Logos


 “In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God and the Word was God.  He was with God in the beginning.”  These are the opening words of the Gospel of John.  Whereas Matthew and Luke start with the beginning of Jesus’ earthly life, and Mark launches with the beginning of Jesus’ ministry, John goes back to the beginning of all things.
            Genesis 1:1 says, “In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth.”  The next chapter tells how God spoke everything into being.  God’s spoken word became the generative force from which everything emerged.  Drawing from God’s use of the spoken word for creation, John begins his gospel by pointing out that all things begin with the Word.  The Greek word that John uses for Word is Logos.  The Logos is more than just a word.  The Logos is The Word.  The Logos is God’s creative intention articulated to the universe.  The Logos is God Himself. 
            The more I pray, the more I realize that prayer isn’t about getting what you want.  Prayer is about God.  It’s about a growing intimacy with the Creator who spoke your name and called you into existence.  It’s about knowing God—knowing the Word.  So what’s the best way to know the Word?  Pray the Logos.  Pray the Word.
            John says that the Logos “was with God in the beginning. Through him all things were made; without him nothing was made that has been made. In him was life, and that life was the light of men.”[i]  Prayer is about seeking God “in the beginning.”  It’s about daily starting over with God, in a place of uncomplicated trust.  His mercies “are new every morning.”[ii]  Each day is a new creation.  Revelation 21:5 says, “He who was seated on the throne said, ‘I am making everything new!’ Then he said, ‘Write this down, for these words are trustworthy and true.’"  In His newness of constant creation and renewal, Jesus points us back to his Word which is faithful and true.[iii]
            It was The Word who spoke the world into being.  It was The Word who fashioned Adam and breathed into him the breath of life.  A rabbinical tradition says that when God breathed into Adam, God actually spoke the divine name, Yahweh, into the molded man so that he came to life.  It was one word that energized the first man, and it is still the Word that gives us life today.  “In him was life, and that life was the light of men.”[iv]  What could be more powerful than The Word?  What could be more simple than a word?  The Logos Prayer invokes the power and the simplicity of both.





[i] John 1:2-4 NIV
[ii] Lamentations 3:23 NIV
[iii] Revelation 19:11
[iv] John 1:4 NIV

Public & Private Prayer


            Many people experience difficulty with their quiet time because their entire devotional life is based on public prayer.  In other words, they pray only at church, at the dinner table, or in prayer meetings.  Don’t get me wrong—there’s nothing wrong with public prayer.  In fact, author and prayer teacher Daniel Henderson makes the case that more is said in the Bible about public prayer than about private prayer.  Group prayer provides novices a way to learn prayer by listening to others.  It unites the hearts of believers and centers them on a common purpose.  Corporate prayer creates loving relationships in the body of Christ.  It invokes God’s presence, for God inhabits the praises of His people.[i]  But if public prayer is the only exposure you have to prayer, of course you’ll have difficulty imagining how a person might spend an hour doing that!
In his book Contemplative Prayer, Thomas Merton discusses the relationship between corporate and private prayer: 

Though liturgical prayer is by its nature more “active,” it may at any moment be illumined by contemplative grace.  And though private prayer may tend by its nature to greater personal spontaneity, it may also be accidentally more arid and laborious than communal worship, which is in any case particularly blessed by the presence of Christ in the mystery of the worshipping community…
The opposition between “official public prayer” and “spontaneous personal prayer” is largely a modern fiction.  And this is true whether “official” prayer is regarded as the “true” and “contemplative” prayer, or whether these adjectives are chosen to dignify personal devotion.[ii]


Merton’s stance is that public and private prayer are equal in nature, though they are often very different in function and form.  Public prayer focuses on the needs of the praying community, and their shared relationship to God.  While private prayer may still focus on the needs of others, the primary relationship to God is that of the person praying.  Public prayer tends to rely on eloquence in order to inspire the group to join in agreement, while private prayer rests rather on intimate expressions that might never be shown in a communal setting.  While there certainly are occasions when a public prayer might take on the tone of a private prayer, getting too personal in public isn’t generally advisable.  Similarly, while there are times when you may want to speak out loud to God in private prayer, addressing your Creator in private the same way you would in a public meeting might feel stilted and artificial.  These two types of prayer generally fall under the category, “separate but equal.”
            This blog is about your private quiet time with Jesus, not about public prayer.  Indeed, public prayer is an essential part of the healthy Christian life.  This blog’s focus on private devotion should by no means be understood as a statement against group prayer—that is simply a subject for a different work.  Henderson’s book, Fresh Encounters: Experiencing Transformation Through United Worship-Based Prayer, is an excellent resource for prayer group leaders and pastors who want to explore corporate prayer more deeply.  Henderson says that many Christians object to public prayer on the basis of Jesus’ warnings against hypocritical and ostentatious spirituality   In Matthew 6:5-6 (NIV), Jesus says:

“When you pray, do not be like the hypocrites, for they love to pray standing in the synagogues and on the street corners to be seen by men. I tell you the truth, they have received their reward in full.  But when you pray, go into your room, close the door and pray to your Father, who is unseen. Then your Father, who sees what is done in secret, will reward you.”

The problem with this objection is that Jesus himself frequently prayed in public.  He wasn’t telling people that they should never pray in public, but instead intended them to make their prayer life a sacred thing between them and God.  Rather than putting on a show to impress others, Jesus’ followers should focus solely on their Lord, who is both the subject and object of their prayers.  When you pray in public, don’t do it to be seen by others.  Do it to have an experience of the living God. 
When given the choice between public displays of faith that draw attention to the worshipper, and private devotion where the worshipper can pour his heart out before God in seclusion, Jesus clearly prefers the latter.  He tells us to go to our room, close the door, and pray.  According to Henderson, the King James Version’s rendering of “inner room” as “closet” is a most unfortunate translation.  It would have worked in Shakespeare’s day, when the word meant a formal meeting place, but today it conjures images of kneeling among shoes and hanging coats.
In his book, How to Live a Holy Life, C.E. Orr writes about our need for the prayer closet.  Go inside, and shut the door, he says.  The problem is that…
Too many people leave the door open.  Prayer that feeds the soul must be offered with the door shut…God is in secret.  He is hidden from the world.  The world does not see him, neither knows him.  You can never reach God in your prayers unless you shut out the world.  Shutting the door means something more something more than closing the door of your literal closet.  Persons may enter the literal closet and close the door, and yet have the world in their hearts and thoughts.  Such have not closed the door in the true sense.
In the public assembly you must enter your closet when you pray, and shut the door, or your prayers will not avail with God.  You must talk from your heart to the heart of God.  Those assembled may hear your words, but they do not know the secret.  The secret is between your heart and the heart of God.  You scarcely hear your words.  You know and hear more of the speaking of heart.  There is a blessing in such praying; there is a joy that cannot be told.  Such prayer feeds the soul upon the divine life and lifts us in realms of light and happiness.  Thank God for the sweet privilege of secret intercourse with him.  O beloved, when you pray, enter into your closet, and be sure to close the door.[iii]




[i] Psalm 22:3
[ii] Merton, Thomas.  Centering Prayer.  Herder and Herder:  New York.  1969.  Pg. 75.
[iii] Orr, C.E.  How to Live a Holy Life.  An eBook produced by Mark Zinthefer, Charles Franks and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team